Monday 22 October 2012

Critique of Fifteen Poems by CatullusNorton Anthology 7th Editionpp. 808-813

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I.

The author of the fifteen poems is Catullus, he wrote all of his poems in lyrical format, and the original language of the poems is Latin.

a. In this poem Catullus falls in love with Lesbia and wants her to be in love with him.

b. This poem is about the pet of his beloveds, a sparrow. His beloved seems to go to the sparrow anytime in distress, or anytime she wants to play with him. And he wishes he could do the same.




c. Catullus is sick and feels that death is coming for him. He is sick and can’t find the words to say to Lesbia about what is happening to him. On his deathbed he can feel himself getting sicker, and Lesbia disgraces him by saying he is leisure and lazy.

d. In this poem Catullus describes his intense love for Lesbia and feels that no one else will share that bond with her except him.

e. He wishes for her to marry him but he is unsure that she will stay true to him. He wants to spend his life with her in “holy friendship.”

f. Catullus talks about Lesbia and her behavior with him, and how she complains about things. He feels that their relationship will soon becoming to a soon.



g. The affair between Catullus and Lesbia ended. Catullus was heart broken and could not come to face the fact that she is gone and out of his life. He looks at the situation he finally realizes that he is better off without Lesbia.

h. Catullus is saying she broke his heart and walked away expecting a better life, but as it turns out she became nothing.

i. In this poem it is said that after all the troubles he faced with his whole love affair that one true thing still stands which is his bond with his friends.

j. Catullus prays to the gods to rid him of all his sickness and make him well so that he can continue to live his life with Lesbias.



II.

I feel that it was his way of letting Lesbia go out of his life forever. I feel by him writing these poems they let him get rid of all of his frustration and it expresses his feelings that he had at that time in his life.

III.

“ No other woman can truthfully say she was cherished as much as Lesbia when I was her lover (87, pg 810 lines -4).” In this passage he expresses how he treats Lesbia and how no one else would ever live up to their love.

“Lesbia, let us live only for loving (5, pg 80 line ).” In this quote he expresses his love for her and how he would treat her.





“May she have joy & profit from her cocksmen, go down embracing hundreds all together, never with love, but without interruption wringing their balls dry (11,

pg 81 lines 17-0).” In this passage it expresses his bitterness on her leaving. There is a lot of hostility, which I think he used for his anger to be released.

IV.

The poem of I choose to further interpret is poem 8. The point of this poem is that he finally realizes losing her was not that big of a loss in his life. This is the starting point of him coming to face the fact that she made the mistake. “So much for you bitch- your life is all behind you!” This poem relates to the other poems showing that he is obsessed with her. This is where he turns his life around and decides to get rid of her.

V.

The structure of the poem I picked was rather simplistic. He didn’t really throw any curve balls in this one, he came out with all this aggression all at once. Like I said earlier this is kind of like his new beginning. The next poem begins with Lesbia starting her new beginning also.

VI.

The style of all of these poems jumps because at some points he talks in an interesting vocabulary, somewhat like other ancient poetry and epics, but at other parts he is very head on and easy for me to comprehend. Some of the vocabulary



is rather outlandish like I pointed out earlier, but other parts are very elegant like when he speaks about his obsession for his lady.

VII.

The central point of the poem is when he realizes when that she made the mistake of leaving him. I feel that he made the right choice of getting rid of her because she becomes a tramp in the next poem. I think he should have gotten rid of her earlier on.

VIII.

He in all these poems were about two people joining and separating, choosing new beginnings, and making decisions that will change there lives. These were definitely very interesting poems, but at some parts very hard to understand, but all in all they were somewhat enjoyable to read.



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children are victims of all ages

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Children are victims of all ages

Children are the victims of all ages and eras. They are sensitive and fragile, as they always need the adults’ advice, care and love. However, through this age of materialism people forget their beloved children because they are either dreaming of money or fame. Therefore, we always realize that the children are trying to cling to their lives alone.

Several people have had the dream to correct the sins and errors of the human society. Hamlet Prince of Denmark, a Shakespearean tragedy, tells the story of a young man, by the name of Hamlet, who gained the knowledge of a terrible incident that his kingdom had suffered. Hamlet is a victim of his own humanity. The decisions he must make, make him human, and his indecisiveness makes him a man. Hamlet was a victim and a hero within his kingdom. He had knowledge of the vicious deception brought upon by his uncle, and he was the only person capable of correcting or at least trying to justify the death of his father. He was the only child of his parents, however, his father’s ghost asked Hamlet to avenge his death, and Hamlet’s procrastination to do so adds to his humanity. The play dramatizes the perpetual struggle to which all civilization that is genuine is doomed (Alexander 184). Hamlet reconciles his mothers hasty actions after the death of his father in lines one hundred thirty-seven through one hundred fifty-seven (Hamlet Prince 71). He begins with, But not two months dead! --Nay, not so much, not two, which clearly shows disgust in the hastiness of the marriage between his mother and his uncle. Hamlet is considered as Shakespearean victim, Hamlet is a complex story of revenge, the lack of love, and the ”madness of Hamlet.




Hamlet is presented by Shakespeare as the ideal man. Hamlet is what every man should be and as such an extreme, he is also presented with an extreme situation. He is a superman among men (G.W. Knight 8).

As for The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams (111-18), the idea conveyed in this play is that of image versus reality. The main theme of this play is about a frustrated family who are deserted by the father and each character escapes his/her reality in a different way. Amanda Wingfield, she is the mother of Tom and Laura and often digresses back to memories of her former days on the southern plantation farm and her night with 17 gentleman callers. Laura, she is the crippled and very shy daughter of Amanda who keeps her hard pressed to finding a husband. Tom is also pressed by his mother to find his sister a gentleman caller, and to keep the job at the shoe factory to support the family. Jim O’Connor is a friend of Tom from the factory who Tom invites to dinner and Amanda treats as Laura’s first gentleman caller. “On those occasions they call me - Ell Diablo! Oh, I could tell you things to make you sleepless! My enemies plan to dynamite this place. They’re going to blow us all sky-high some night! I’ll be glad, very happy, and so will you! You’ll go up, up on a broomstick, over Blue Mountain with seventeen gentlemen callers!” Tom says this to Amanda in a fit of rage.

Laura has her own imaginary reality through her glass menagerie her private world, and the breaking of it .The unicorn is Laura’s singularity, her return to reality, and her return to her retreat back into her world. . Another philosophy is that of escape. Tom tries to escape, and eventually does in the footsteps of his father. Laura is not seeking as hard to escape as Tom, although it would do her some good to escape her world and Amanda’s. She comes close with Jim, but is devastated and regresses back into her world, probably deeper than she was before.

In order to characterize Antigone as a heroine , it is important to study Antigone’s early childhood, which displays the origins of the characteristics found in her that make her a feminist. In Oedipus of Colonus, Sophocles illustrates these qualities that Antigone possesses. During the first twenty years of her life, Antigone spends her time secluded from society with her blind, exiled father, Oedipus. Sophocles sums up her childhood in the following soliloquy by OedipusSince her childhood ended and her body gained its power, has wandered ever with me, an old man’s governess; often in the wild forest without shoes, and hungry, beaten by many rains tired by the sun; yet she rejected the sweet life of home so that her father should have sustenance (Fitzgerald 104). Because she is secluded, Antigone never has to take her place in society as a woman. Without a female role model to show her how a woman is supposed to act, there is no one to raise her as a woman. She spends her days taking care of her blind father and leading him. She is his eyes and thus sees through the eyes of a male. She does not see the barriers that faced most women of the time. A sort of role reversal takes place between her and her father. She takes the position of the father and head of the family while her blind, helpless father acts as the child dependent upon Antigone for survival. She is in charge of making the decisions, caring for him, and being his shoulder as well as his eyes. In leading him and caring for him, she develops herself into a much stronger woman than the women of her society, becoming strong both mentally and physically. It is during this time in her life that Sophocles develops Antigone’s most important trait, her strong will. Antigone uses the characteristics and qualities that have developed inside of her through the years towards fighting for that which she believes. When the king denies her brother a proper burial and makes it illegal for anyone to bury him in Sophocles’ Antigone, Antigone decides it is up to her to take justice into her own hands and give him a proper burial. Ibsen writes typical of the ways that the characters might talk in relation to their position and their relationship with each other. Nora, committed forgery, not to save her husbands life, but to redecorate her house. Soul-struggles. Oppressed and bewildered by belief in authority, she loses her faith in her own moral right and ability to bring up her children. Bitterness. A mother in the society of to-day, like certain insects, (ought to) go away and die when she has done her duty towards the continuance of the species. Love of life, of home, of husband and children and kin. Now and then a womanlike shaking off of cares. Then a sudden return of apprehension and dread. She must bear it all alone. The catastrophe approaches, inexorably, inevitably. Despair, struggle, and disaster. The children Nora plays with her children and treats them like dolls. “NORA Never see him again. Never. Never. Never. Never see the children again. Them too. Never. Never. Oh - the icy black water! Oh - that bottomless - that -! Oh, if only it were all over! Now he’s got it - he’s reading it. Oh, no, no! Not yet! Goodbye, Torvald! Goodbye, my darlings.” Nora says this to herself when Torvald had left to his study to read the mail. The children are always the ones who pay the price of the adults’ mistakes.

M. Butterfly draws attention to the issue of western stereotyping of Asia, Hwang attacks western stereotypes by refiguring the well-known Madama Butterfly theme. Using Brechtian devices that place the viewer in a position to critically evaluate the representations in his play, Hwang hopes to break the century-old butterfly myth of Asian submissiveness to western dominance. M. Butterfly is originally written to be performed and not read, Hwang uses the narrator to describe the stage for the reader. Therefore, most of the narrator’s comments are related to how the characters move on stage, and how the stage itself looks like; “They start to walk about the stage. It is a summer night on the Beijing streets. Sounds of the city play on the house speakers” (Hwang 1). Hwang’s technique in M. Butterfly , the narrator is trying to be as objective and concise as possible; “Lights fade up to reveal Rene Gallimard, 65, in a prison cell. He wears a comfortable bathrobe, and looks old and tired. The sparsely furnished cell contains a wooden crate upon which sits a hot plate with a kettle, and a portable recorder” (Hwang 1). The only two describing words in this presentation of Gallimard and his cell are “comfortable” and “sparsely.” different. The narrator in M. Butterfly does not have the role a database revealing new facts about the characters but to describe the stage and the characters’ movements. Once again, it is important not to interpret that as a weakness in Hwang’s writing, but as another perspective on how to tell the reader about the secrets. Instead of doing it through the narrator, Hwang does it in a clever way through the conversation between characters

“Song ‘No…let me…keep my clothes…’

Gallimard ‘But…’

Song ‘Please…it all frightens me. I’m a modest Chinese girl’” (Hwang 40).

This quote, when read again after we know how the plot ends, is an obvious hint about what is yet to come. However, when read for the first time, the reader accepts Song’s excuse that she is “a modest Chinese girl.” However, Hwang leaves more to the reader to interpret by him- or herself; “Song, playing Butterfly, sings the lines from the opera in her own voice�which, though not classical, should be decent” (Hwang 15). “Decent” is in this case the narrator’s opinion, and the word probably has many different meanings depending on who reads it.

OEDIPUS”Oh my piteous children, known, well known to me are the desires wherewith ye have come well wot I that ye suffer all; yet, sufferers as ye are, there is not one of you whose suffering is as mine. “To Laius, King of Thebes, an oracle foretold that the child born to him by his queen Jocasta would slay his father and wed his mother. So when in time a son was born the infants feet were riveted together and he was left to die on Mount Cithaeron. But a shepherd found the babe and tended him, and delivered him to another shepherd who took him to his master, the King or Corinth. Polybus being childless adopted the boy, who grew up believing that he was indeed the Kings son. Afterwards doubting his parentage he inquired of the Delphic god and heard himself the weird declared before to Laius. Wherefore he fled from what he deemed his fathers house and in his flight he encountered and unwillingly slew his father Laius. Arriving at Thebes he answered the riddle of the Sphinx and the grateful Thebans made their deliverer king. So he reigned in the room of Laius, and espoused the widowed queen. Children were born to them and Thebes prospered under his rule, but again a grievous plague fell upon the city. Again the oracle was consulted and it bade them purge themselves of blood-guiltiness. Oedipus denounces the crime of which he is unaware, and undertakes to track out the criminal. Step by step it is brought home to him that he is the man. The closing scene reveals Jocasta slain by her own hand and Oedipus blinded by his own act and praying for death or exile. Here the children conflict is Oedipus himself and his own children.

Finally, we have to believe that the childhood of any person is the paintings of his character in the future. As a matter of fact, some children fall in the ocean of sins, others fall in the sea of distress and most of them feel frustrated. However, the lucky ones who find a real psychological care are very few .In other words, the fulfilling of our children’s needs must be our main target in life. If we are fortunate we might learn something about human nature from those dramatic plays we read in class.



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A study of ‘community’ as highlighted by characters who could be considered as standing outside the relevant community. Close reference to be made to George Eliot’s, ‘Silas Marner’ and William Golding’s ‘Lord of the Flies.’

We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like A study of ‘community’ as highlighted by characters who could be considered as standing outside the relevant community. Close reference to be made to George Eliot’s, ‘Silas Marner’ and William Golding’s ‘Lord of the Flies.’ even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like A study of ‘community’ as highlighted by characters who could be considered as standing outside the relevant community. Close reference to be made to George Eliot’s, ‘Silas Marner’ and William Golding’s ‘Lord of the Flies.’ in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.





A study of ‘community’ as highlighted by characters who could be considered as standing outside the relevant community. Close reference to be made to George Eliot’s, ‘Silas Marner’ and William Golding’s ‘Lord of the Flies.’

Silas is a linen-weaver; he has accumulated a goodly sum of gold. He was falsely judged guilty of theft fifteen years before and left his community. Squire Cass’ son Dunstan steals Marner’s gold and disappears. Marner takes care of an orphaned little girl, Eppie, and she becomes for him more precious than the lost property. Sixteen years later the skeleton of Dunstan and Marner’s gold is found. Godfrey Cass, Dunstan’s brother, admits that he is the father of Eppie. He married the girl’s mother, opium-ridden Molly Farren, secretly before her death. Eppie and Silas Marner don’t wish to separate when Godfrey tries to adopt the girl. In the end Eppie marries Aaron Winthrop, who accepts Silas Marner as part of the household.

‘Lord of the Flies’ starts when an aeroplane crashes on an uninhabited island. The plane is full of English school boys. The boys inhabit the island and wait to be rescued. They all work together and make a fire on top of the mountain as more chance to be rescued. The ‘big’uns and litl’uns’ have their own groups and the ‘big’uns’ split into two groups in the end with Jack’s ‘tribe’ having a party and accidentally killing Simon, who is mistaken for ‘the beast.’ Later on in the book Piggy also dies, he is an outsider in the group. Eventually, after many wars between the two ‘big’un’ groups they end up accidentally setting the island on fire, which leads to them being rescued.




‘Silas Marner’ is set in about 1761, and ‘Lord of the Flies’ is set during an unspecified time. ‘Silas Marner’ is set in a small village called Raveloe and ‘Lord of the Flies’ is set on an uninhabited desert island.

I think Eliot and Golding have chosen these settings as they are most appropriate for each storyline. Having ‘Lord of the Flies’ set on an uninhabited desert island with no adults makes the book more exciting. It deals with the dark side of humanity. With ‘Silas Marner’ being set in a small village I think this reflects the mood of the story more, so you are left wondering who did what and whether the thief is still in Raveloe or not, whereas in ‘Lord of the Flies’ you cannot exit the island easily and hide or run away from your problems; “undergrowth, trees, mountains and sea surrounding the island.”

The protagonist in ‘Lord of the Flies is Ralph. At the beginning of the story he is described as being a playful child, but towards the end he matures significantly. He is one of the few boys who realises the only way to survive is through peace and order. He summons the boys at the beginning of the novel with the conch he and Piggy find, and they look upon him as the most responsible of the boys and elect him chief over the humiliated Jack. Jack Merridew, Ralph’s main antagonist, is older than most of the other boys. He is the leader of a group of choir boys and is dubbed chief of the hunters by Ralph. He and his hunters become sadistic from the world of peace Ralph creates. Jack is the prime reason why the island becomes full of chaos and corruption; “’Grab them!’ No one moved. Jack shouted angrily.”

By focusing on Silas’ work and the translation of Lantern Yard from a rural depot to manufacturing town, but also with the attention Eliot gives to Silas’ very preoccupation with gold itself, you can see that it is very representative of larger questions about how people and things should be evaluated. The degree to which Silas’ obsession with his gold is or can be considered as ‘unhealthy’. When Silas first meets Eppie, he mistakes her golden curls for his lost gold. Almost immediately, however, he begins to value her more than he ever valued his gold. Here you can see where Eliot draws out some differences between love and money. “’You’re a deep little puss, you are,’ said Silas, with the mild passive happiness of love-crowned age in his face.” Loving Eppie integrates Silas more firmly within the community of Raveloe. All around Silas and Raveloe are signs of industry (thinking of his old, transformed town of Lantern Yard) and manufacture.

In ‘Lord of the Flies,’ Piggy seems to be the outsider, the fat little boy who remains close to Ralph’s side throughout the story. Although he is intellectually insightful, Piggy is weak and endlessly complains about their troubles. Most of the other boys bully him even though his glasses are their only hope of rescue (for starting the fire, for smoke signals). Roger, comes on the island with a hint of evil about him, ‘Roger stooped, picked up a stone, aimed, and threw it at Henry � threw it to miss. The stone that token of preposterous time bounced five yards to Henry’s right and fell in the water. Roger gathered a handful of stones and began to throw them. Yet there was a space round Harry, perhaps six yards in diameter, into which he dare not throw.’ This shows us that the old rules are in Roger’s mind. He is constantly bullying Piggy and other small children. Roger follows Jack, who exploits his dark side, and by the end of their adventures has committed murder as well as many other sadistic acts. Simon, on the other hand, is like no other boy on the island. His goodness and caring are shown by the way he takes care of the ‘litl’uns.’ He is the only boy who discovers the beast on the island that everybody fears. Simon’s symbolism in this story offers a meaning of deeper than just a young, bashful boy.

The outsider in ‘Silas Marner’ is most definitely Silas himself, He is very religious at the beginning of the story and he loses his faith in religion and, in his fellow man which is only gained later. The fit Silas has also made him more of an outsider, most of the community in his old town, Lantern Yard, took his fit as a sign of piety, his friend William Dane suggested that lapsing into unconsciousness might be the sign of something satanic within Silas as it is what people thought in those days that it was the devil’s influence. Soon after this incident, Silas is accused of stealing money from a dying deacon, and he is found guilty, even though it turns out William has framed Silas. This supposed friend then steals Silas’ fianc�e, Sarah, and Silas leaves town in disgrace. ‘In a little more than a month from that time, Sarah was married to William Dane; and not long afterwards it was known to the brethren in Lantern Yard that Silas Marner had departed from the town.’

In order to try and change his lifestyle in a new town called, Raveloe in central England he sets up there, weaving for the community. He’s self-employed and soon begins making quite a bit of money. He’s not particularly well-liked because he keeps to himself and is a notorious miser. His stash of gold is his life, and each evening he takes it out of his hiding spot and gazes at it lovingly. ‘He loved the guineas beast, but he would not change the silver � the crowns and half � crowns that were his own earnings, begotten by his labour; he loved them all. He spread them out in heaps and bathed his hands in them; then he counted them and set up regular piles, and felt their rounded outline between his thumb and fingers, and thought fondly of the guineas that were only half-earned by the work in his loom, as if they had been unborn children � thought of the guineas that were coming slowly through the coming years, through all his life, which spread far away before him, the end quite hidden by endless days of weaving.’

Piggy in ‘Lord of the Flies,’ is in constant conflict with the other boys who mock and bully him. Jack is the instigator in this struggle, belittling Piggy at every chance. The main conflict in this book is between Ralph and Jack the beginning of their struggle stems from the very start of the novel when Ralph is elected chief over Jack. Jack and his hunters eventually form their own group apart from the others. Jack’s savages are totally stripped of what society has impressed upon them. Ralph demands peace on the island but to no avail. Their struggle symbolizes that of good and evil.

William Golding has written ‘Lord of the Flies’ attempting to trace the defects of society back to the defects of human nature. He presents some serious warnings about humanity and what is needed to mature the human race into that of a better civilisation. In conclusion, this book is an excellent portrayal of human nature that will make an impression on the reader.

Eliot aims to produce emotions which put other emotions into good moral use. Her novel leaves an excess of feeling with the reader wondering about whether money or love is most important in ones life.



Mind that the sample papers like A study of ‘community’ as highlighted by characters who could be considered as standing outside the relevant community. Close reference to be made to George Eliot’s, ‘Silas Marner’ and William Golding’s ‘Lord of the Flies.’ presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!

The Instability of Sport Utility Vehicles

We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like The Instability of Sport Utility Vehicles even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like The Instability of Sport Utility Vehicles in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.



As the ambulance slowly pulls away from the accident, a police officer stops to ponder how different this crash was from all the others in which a Sport Utility Vehicle was involved. He realizes it is no different at all. SUVs are the leaders in rollover crashes in the United States which includes all vehicles of make and model. They have been around for an extremely long time but, so have their problems. However, there were no problems actually documented due to the incredible instability of the cars during the first time period in which SUVs were created. Although extremely popular and useful, Sport Utility Vehicles are extremely dangerous and highly susceptible to roll over in sharp turns and high speeds. Reasons for such crashes include things like high ranking executives ignoring engineers’ warnings about the potential hazard of the vehicles, and high speeds mixing with sharp turns. Also, over- and/or under- inflated tires on a top-heavy, high-centered vehicle. Sport Utility Vehicles are extremely popular. A few reasons are for their all-terrain capabilities, the feeling of safety people have while their driving them, and their seating capacity. However, it is also for these reasons they are unstable. The false feeling of safety leads people to be careless while driving them, and/or leads people to feel “in charge” of the road thereby creating a higher chance of an accident or rollover.

The history of the Sport Utility Vehicle and its unique problems with rolling over in high speed fast reaction situations starts almost at the beginning of the car. According to John D. Pietro, the Suburban was “[i]ntroduced way back in 16, the Chevrolet (and GMC) Suburban was based on a commercial panel truck, but instead of having a huge, windowless cargo area there was a large passenger compartment” (The History). The early makers of General Motor Company, (GMC), saw potential in building a vehicle which could carry more people and still be useful in big jobs such as construction. GMC was the “first” company to build an SUV. The title of the “first SUV and/or high capacity vehicle maker”, however, is still up for debate. Such a part in the debate is “[i]n 14, the name was shortened to Westchester Suburban and Dodge was selling them to the army” (The History). Such statements started the debate on who had the first SUV. Dodge claimed their wagons to be the “Westchester Suburban” whereas, GMC and Chevrolet claimed the title Suburban. In 156

Power was on the rise again… [a]s much as 05 horsepower was produced by Chevrolets small-block V8. GMC followed suit with its six-cylinder engine (now at 70 cubic inch) putting out 10 horsepower as well as its V8 (now at 17 cubic inch) pumping out 180 ponies. The big news this year was the introduction of four-wheel drive for the GMC, and it could be had with either the six- or the eight-cylinder engine. (The History)

The Suburban was the original reason for SUV rollovers that are now known. It was the first to have 4-wheel drive capability and there for, made it easier to roll than two-wheel drive trucks.




However dangerous, they are still popular mainly because of their versatility and look. Also, they are very helpful for mothers or fathers to use for taking their kids to something like soccer games and football games and being able to carry more than just their child or children and instead fitting something like 5-6 kids in their vehicles. According to SUVRollovers.com,

SUV popularity created a large increase in sales in the 10s, and because there was so much consumer demand for these cars, carmakers continued to manufacture SUVs. Because the vehicle has changed from simply being an off-road vehicle to a family car, manufacturers have also removed the roll bar that protects drivers and

passengers in a rollover situation. (SUVrollovernews.com)

This is the main reason for their continually growing popularity. Although SUVs are somewhat hard on gas mileage and are not the most economic cars on the road, people enjoy them because they can take bumps in the road and hold a higher number of people. Thereby, creating a useful tool for commuting, whether it be on a farm or to a metropolis.

But, there are many dangers in both driving and owning an SUV. One instance of a danger occurred when “all Ford Bronco II’s were [found to be] dangerously unstable and Ford executives had ignored warnings from their own engineers” (Lisante). The Bronco II posed a danger to the driver of the vehicle and to the other drivers on the road. The executives at Ford decided to not listen to their own engineers and proceeded with production. The Bronco II was not the only vehicle Ford had problems with. During testing of the Explorer “a recent federal scorecard that gives a fully-loaded Explorer the worst rollover rating � one star out of a possible five” (Lisante). Again Ford executives proceeded with manufacturing a dangerous and unstable vehicle. They put safety aside in order to make money. These SUVs although still manufactured, are exceptionally unstable and dangerous to have on the road. Ford was one of the first companies to have trouble between engineers and designers and executives who were just in it to make a quick buck on the average typical “soccer mom”.

Ignorant people are not the only causes of crashes and rollovers involving Sport Utility Vehicles. According to writer James R. Healey of the USA Today newspaper, “[i]n a multiple-vehicle crash, you get hit by another car and might roll over. That’s not an unstable vehicle” (Healey). Rollovers are not just caused by unstable vehicles. There is always the chance of outstanding circumstances in any collision. On the other hand, James Grimaldi and Cindy Skrzycki of the Sun Times report, “Firestone, primarily concerned about stresses placed on under inflated tires, has set 0 psi (pounds per square inch) as optimal. Ford’s 6 psi reflects its concern about stability” (Grimaldi and Skrzycki). Conflicting reports can easily confuse an owner into an unavoidable accident. Some “facts” are not all they are shown to be. Consumer Reports magazine in a test of SUVs found, “(we) tested seven SUVs on the same day, May 16. During those tests the only vehicle to tip up was the 001 Mitsubishi Montero Limited.” A well known and respected testing facility found an SUV to be unsafe. Although the odds of one in seven are pretty good, that’s still too many. Upon an investigation of the Ford Company “[i]nternal documents indicate Ford wanted a wider 45-centimeter tire on the Explorer for styling and marketing reasons, since bigger tires are regarded as more ‘macho.’ But at a May 18 test at Ford’s Arizona Proving Grounds, an Explorer equipped with the wider tires lifted two wheels off the ground in a sharp turn” (Lisante). Ford again ignored blatant results that were presented to them in black and white. They manufactured the Explorers anyway. There is never only one reason for accidents and rollovers involving SUVs.

The chances of a rollover are greatly increased while driving an SUV. Approximately, “,000 people would still be alive, if their vehicle had been hit by a heavy car instead of an SUV” (SUVs Escalating Risk). Due to SUVs, the driver fatality rate in multiple vehicle collisions has greatly increased. If people know of these staggering statistics, the fatality/collision rating can go down. It is then possible for more people to have the knowledge not to trust in these rolling boxes of death. In addition to SUV accidents, “[l]ight trucks crashing into cars accounts for the majority of fatalities in vehicle-to-vehicle collisions” (SUVs Escalating Risk). SUVs, although not the leading cause, do cause a number of accidental fatalities. There is another reason for the high death toll of crashes. According to the National Highway Safety Administration, “the government agency studying the safety of Sport Utility Vehicles, describes two characteristics of SUVs and other light trucks that have the potential to increase fatalities rollover propensity and crash compatibility” (SUVs Escalating Risk). There are two major concerns to the government involving the frequency of rollovers and general crashes of SUVs. The government has become worried enough to devote an entire agency to study SUVs and light trucks. Dr. R. David Pittle, the Senior vice President of Consumer Reports reported the “[other vehicles] that [are] most popular, and had fatal rollover scores roughly similar to Explorer’s Subaru Legacy and outback station wagon, Oldsmobile Achieva, Chevrolet Cavalier, Pontiac Grand Am, Dodge and Plymouth Neon, Chrysler LHS and Ford Crown Victoria,” (Pittle). Not only SUVs have a high rollover rating. The Ford Explorer is not the only SUV with a high rollover score, the Subaru Outback and Legacy had the same ratings. James Grimaldi and Cindy Skrzycki of the Sun Times explain, “sport-utility vehicles are more prone than cars to tip over because of their high center of gravity.” The reason for rollovers is actually quite easy to understand. The rollover rating has the potential to be much higher than it already is. They also report, “[t]he Ford Explorer with fully inflated tires could roll over when making sudden turns…” The possibility of a rollover is always there even with a standard direction like inflating your tires. Proper driving techniques such as leaving space or planning a trip can lead to safe driving and lower rollover percents. They go on to say “Explorer would fail the tests when equipped with tires inflated to the maximum 5 pounds per square inch” (Grimaldi and Skrazycki). The maximum amount is not always the best thing. The Explorer had many problems with their design. Consumer Reports also explains “[t]aller vehicles such as SUVs have a higher center of gravity, which makes them more top-heavy and more susceptible to rolling over than lower vehicles such as sedans” (Pittle). Again, there is a simple and singular explanation for the high rates and percentages of SUV rollovers. Thanks to people not knowing a simple equation, height plus width equals stabilization, SUVs greatly increase the risk of rollover. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Solomon) “rollovers occur in 8% of all crashes [and] cause more than 50% of all ejections” (Solomon). SUV rollovers don’t always have the driver physically in the car at the time of the crash. They also account for a half of the entire driver ejection statistic. The CDC also found “[e]jections are also more likely to occur in Sport Utility Vehicles…” (Solomon). Yet another government agency found SUVs to be a cause of high injury risk. Not only do SUVs tip easily, they also have a higher potential than most cars to eject the driver of the vehicle out in a crash type situation.

In tests, Sport Utility Vehicles lifted two wheels off the ground fairly often, this resulting in rollovers on the road and numerous amounts of money spent on settlements and cases. According to Consumer Reports “[the Trooper] at .4 mph, lifted its two right wheels slightly at the same section of the track where the red Montero had tipped” (Pittle). More than one SUV “tipped” at the same point of track. Consumer Reports did a lot of testing and more than enough research to back up their findings. They went on to say “a short-course double-lane change emergency-avoidance maneuver � the Montero Limited, in 8 out of runs at or faster than 6.7 mph, tipped up on two wheels during a sharp right turn” (Pittle) Consumer Reports, again, went above and beyond the regular tests in order to test safety. They were not at all biased in their reports on any vehicles, despite what some companies may have reported in their lawsuits against them. Tab Turner, attorney to Don Bailey; a woman permanently hurt due to a rollover accident, settled a total of 11 cases of rollovers for a total of $11.5 million in six weeks (Lisante). There are a large number of people suing for cases of rollovers against big companies. Most people win because of mistakes on the dealers fault. Also according to this document, “[a]s of 15, Ford had settled at least 4 Bronco II rollover cases, paying out more than $11 million” (Lisante). A lot of SUV owners are going for a lawsuit against the maker of their SUV. Some people care enough about themselves to try and go after the “big fish”. Such SUV tests can help save lives and money by focusing more on the “rollover capability factor”.

These rollovers and crashes don’t come without their own statistics and opinions from driver to auto-maker and from auto-maker to drivers. Such a statistic of complaints to auto-makers is “80% of car and SUV owners strongly suggest that automakers should make safety changes to SUVs that would make the roads safer for car occupants” (SUVs Escalating Risk). The owners and drivers of SUVs want changes. But, in addition to them, the owners and drivers of just cars want changes to SUVs too. In 16 “rollover crashes accounted for 5% of all SUV occupant deaths in single vehicle crashes” (SUVs Escalating Risk). SUVs, even back then, were incredibly unstable. Since then, more teenagers have modified and “built up” their SUVs and made the center of gravity higher in turn making SUVs easier to roll over. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration says “SUVs rollover in 7% of fatal crashes, compared to 15% rollover rate for passenger cars” (SUVs Escalating Risk). SUVs, while holding more people than most passenger cars, also have a higher chance of killing everyone in the vehicle. Your chance of dying in a rollover is increased at least % when you decide to own or drive an SUV. They also say “Sport Utility Vehicles are more than three times more likely to rollover in a crash than normal passenger cars” (SUVs Escalating Risk). You have a 00% chance of rolling over when you drive an SUV as opposed to a passenger car. Yet another statistic showing the instability of SUVs. The Ford company wasn’t the only ones to have deaths with their SUVs, the “Subaru Legacy and Outback, for instance, had a low single-vehicle driver death rate�18�but all involved rollovers, so the instability score was 100%” (Healey). There wasn’t just one company and or type of vehicle who had problems with instability and driver death rates. The Subaru car company, although very successful in selling their cars and wagons, also had a issues with their vehicles which they describe as “well made”. The IIHS says “[t]he most-popular version of Explorer (5.% of Explorers in the IIHS analysis) had a driver death rate of 56 and an instability score of 70.%” (Healey). More than just the National Highway Traffic Safety Administrator has found Explorers are a danger to have on the road. Explorers and other Sport Utility Vehicles are probably not worth the risk of having on the road. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration also states “[we are] investigating 6 deaths and more than 100 injuries linked to the separation of tread from tires on the Explorers” (Grimaldi and Skrzycki). The Explorer was not the only thing responsible for the rollovers but had a large impact in it. There was no real way to know the tires had the chance of separation but still separated. After many tests made by completely different groups of people and different researching companies, the result was the same. SUVs were extremely unstable.

As time goes on, the safety of SUVs becomes more and more tolerable. In a recent study done by the American Automobile Association (Van Sickle), the new 00 Ford Explorer received an average of 4.5 stars in crash tests (Van Sickle). The potential for rollovers has been greatly reduced in recent years. The harm to the drivers and passengers has also been decreased as the vehicles have progressed. AAA also issued the Nissan Pathfinder, Frontier 4x4, and RWD models three stars in their Rollover Resistance Ratings. These Nissan models have a 0 to 0% chance of rolling over in a crash or in sharp turns at high speeds. The rollover rating, in addition to crash tests, has gone down in frequency of accidents in recent years. This is partially due to higher standards set by the National Highway Traffic Safety Association, who controls which cars are allowed on the road and which are not.

Although these advances in the safety of these large bulky vehicles have been made, there is still a false sense of security because of the size of the vehicle. People are trusting too much in their “trucks” and not being cautious enough while driving one of these. Even with the recent breakthroughs in security, Sport Utility Vehicles are the leaders in rollover crashes in the United States including large passenger vehicles such as vans, and small economic cars such as a Geo Metro or a Toyota Corolla. Although extremely popular and useful, Sport Utility Vehicles are extremely dangerous and highly susceptible to rollover in sharp turns and high speeds. They can lead to large death tolls, rollover settlements and insurance costs. Reasons for such crashes include things like, high ranking executives ignoring engineers’ warnings about the potential hazard of the vehicles, and high speeds mixing with sharp turns. Also, over and or under inflated tires on a top heavy, high centered vehicle. All these combined with the everyday hazards of normal driving in traffic or high stress situations create a large potential for fatalistic and harm causing incidents.





Work Cited

Dipietrom, John. A Chevrolet/GMC/Suburban History. 6 Dec. 001. 17 Oct. 00

Grimaldi, James V., and Cindy Skrzycki. “SUV instability led to Ford advising low tire pressure.” ChicagoSuntimes.com. 1 Aug. 000. 5 Sept., 00

Healey, James R.. “Crash study ranks deadly vehicles” USA Today Oct. 000 4

The History Of The Suburban, June 000. 17 Oct. 00

Lisante, Joan E. “Explorer Goes on Trial.” ConsumerAffairs.com. 8 Jan. 001. 5 Sept., 00.

Pittle, R. David. “Consumer Reports Responds to Mitsubishi Statements Regarding Its Tests of the 001 Mitsubishi Montero Limited.” Consumersunion.com. 1 June 001.5 Sept. 00

Solomon, David. Nutz and Boltz Automotive Survival Guide. Chicago Contemporary Books, 17

SUVrollovernews.com. 17 Oct., 00

“SUVs Escalating Risks On The Highways,” SUVSafety.org. 5 Sept., 00.

Van Sickle, Dave. 00 New Cars and Trucks. Heathrow, Florida AAA Publishing, 00.

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Observation of Naturally-Occurring Leadership

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Some of my first professional experiences were with an Israeli Company called Giltek. It is a technology solution provider for the telecommunication industry. I happened to learn a lot about leadership in the professional sphere within this company, both through bad and good examples.

Elkaná Doroth was one of the first persons I met at Giltek. He is an Israeli naval engineer who got his MBA from US about 0 years ago. He speaks French, German, English, Portuguese and Italian. He has lived in six different countries, including four different regions in the world Europe, USA, Middle-East and South America.

As I mentioned, I had really bad leaders in my two years experience with Giltek, but I got the best leadership experiences from Elkaná. It is interesting that within the same corporation we may find totally different leadership styles. Some are completely inefficient and frustrating, while others are motivating and proactive.

Elkaná called me three weeks ago. He would be in Phoenix and invited me to meet him there and I promptly accepted the invitation. As I knew of my third assignment in my leadership class, I decided to pay attention to natural leadership signs at my meeting with Elkaná and use it for this assignment. I knew that it would not be hard to find something I could talk about.




I got to the restaurant just by the same time as Elkaná. We shook hands and shared a brief hug. Then, he immediately invited me to enter the place with him.

We talked for about twenty minutes on how the company is doing and what changes has happened to the industry in Brazil since I left some years ago. During our conversation, he was always very open to listen and even having a fabulous experience with the telecommunications industry, he would listen very carefully to my opinion, think on it and add value to it, which made me feel comfortable in sharing my ideas.

Elkaná was waiting for Ant�nio Carlos, who was one of his engineers and was with him in the trip. At this moment, Ant�nio arrived in the restaurant and approached us. He greeted me and got a place with us on the table.

Ant�nio had just been in meeting with one of Giltek’s main clients. At this meeting, Ant�nio was supposed to get the final acceptance implementation report signed from the client, what would mean Giltek had met all requirements. Also meant that the project was completed and payment was due. Giltek should complete every project with no restriction or dispute in order to get this document, as part of a routine.

Bellow I report a brief conversation between Elkaná and Ant�nio

Elkaná How was the meeting, Ant�nio? Are we done with the project? It is time to go on to the next phase of the project.

Ant�nio I am afraid we won’t be able to step to the next phase now. The meeting took three hours and the client insists on the problem with microwaves installations. They affirm they have ordered brand “X” when we know we had brand “Y” clearly stated in the specification plants for all radio-base installations. This may become a huge issue and all the cost of replacing the microwaves will fall into our budget. I showed them all previous specifications. I explained that the technology under both brands will attend to all their needs, both in short-run and in long-run. Also, I told them we will pay for any purchase price differences they may incur. They are inflexible. I am not sure how we may solve the problem.

Elkaná Ant�nio, after this meeting, what do you think we should do? What would you do if you had to make a decision?

Ant�nio My opinion is that they are an important client. We should not jeopardize our relationship. We may loose some money today but in the long-run we will have much to do with them.

Ekaná I appreciated his opinion.

I would cite three characteristics of Elkaná’s leadership which are apparent in this experience I had with him.

First Ability to listen and willingness to learn from other’s opinion.

He conducts a conversation in such a very intelligent way. Independent on which subject we are talking about, he will always make it interesting. Not only because he will give good insights, but also he will sincerely valorize other’s inputs and think deeply weather he have something to learn from these inputs. This leadership attitude makes me feel comfortable in expressing my ideas and sometimes find out smart reasoning I already had but never though about before. It is a two-way learning process, where both sides feel leveled up and motivated to share their minds. This may be a powerful tool within a company because it will be an incentive to creativity and innovation.

I am sure that Elkaná has much more professional and living experiences than I, but he understands he may still learn a lot if he prompts himself to do so.

Second Employee empowerment.

We can see a great since of empowerment through the way he conducted the conversation with Ant�nio. He listened to his report and finally to his opinion on the decision. This attitude shows interest by other’s leadership and trust on other’s capability to decide.

Small and simple attitudes will surely make a great difference in our leadership. They have the power to connect with people and express non verbal massages that will cause positive or negative effects that words would never do.



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Marketing Concepts

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This course taught me three marketing concepts that are key elements in the service industry. First of all, core customers must always be kept first and foremost in the mind of the marketers. It must be recognized that different segments of buyers demand different channels of distribution. Finally, it is essential to determine what specific elements produce quality in the mind of the consumer.

It is imperative for a company to never abandon the needs of its primary customers. Many times, in an attempt to bring in new customers, a company will alter its merchandise line to appeal to a different target market. However, in the meantime it may also be dissatisfying its most loyal customers. Exhibit 1 illustrates a situation in which the majority of a company’s revenue stems from one type of its stores. In this case, the company cannot afford to lose sight of its current strength and customers because of the high proportion of revenue generated from this segment.

The use of appropriate channels of distribution for specific market segments is crucial to recognize. In Exhibit , shoppers are divided into three different types of segments. Each type within the segment has a varying means of buying the company’s merchandise. If the company distinguishes the way in which that specific consumer wants to buy, the company can save in advertising costs and better appeal to that respective customer.

Finally, a company must identify what customers’ perception of quality includes and strive to improve in areas that it lacking in. Exhibit lays out five key elements to service quality. Customers’ will have varying demands for certain dimensions depending on the specific service and company. The company must work to improve its weaknesses all around, but especially in those areas where there is a sizeable gap between the quality of services being desired and the customers’ opinion of what is actually being offered. Customer satisfaction is vital to a service company because a big determining factor of its success is this intangible perception.




In conclusion, retaining core customers, choosing suitable distribution channels for different market segments, and satisfying the customers’ demands for service quality are all critical factors in services marketing.

“THE CUSTOMERS’ NEEDS ARE THE KEY!”



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La Vegetariana Marketing plan

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The Vegetarian.



1. Introduction.

The Vegetarian is a restaurant that offers a type of food ovo - I suckle vegetarian, that it is food prepared on the basis of vegetables, cereals, lacteal and eggs, excluding the meats




The company was founded eighteen years ago by a local only one in the street Yí 14, and since then he(she) has accompanied the trend of eaten frivolous(lewd) and healthy, and has offered quality and flavor in the type of nourishment that offers. Nowadays The Vegetarian possesses eight places.

The vegetarian diets are increasingly frequent in the times that run, already be to contribute(pay) with the care of some pathology, to anticipate(prepare) diseases, for aesthetics or for philosophical, spiritual reasons, etc.

In Uruguay, according to an investigation realized in 1 by a group of nutricionistas as a whole with The Vegetarian, it thinks that seven per cent (7 %) of the population who resides in Montevideo In practically all the gastronomic places, from the big chains of supermarkets, up to the most unknown bar of any neighborhood, there exists some food that is vegetarian. The gastronomic autochthonous customs are being modified, up to the same grills they acquire so modern salad bar for possible vegetarian clients.

Though many gastronomic offers exist on the market, The Vegetarian offers the vegetarian, nourishing, varied and only option on having referred to the healthy, low food in fats and in cholesterol and in turn tasty and elaborated.

. Description of the business.

It is a gastronomic service where it is possible to be going to eat, to take food or to ask for food to domicile, with a great variety of preparations without meats and extremely elaborated.

Another important difference that has opposite to other gastronomic offers, they are the deep controls of hygiene that do him to diary to all the vegetables, fruits, and other food.

These controls are realized by the personnel together with the cooks. Also it(he,she) possesses(relies on) a service of consultations to nutricionistas free for the clients.

It is necessary to emphasize that of eight places that The Vegetarian possesses today in day, three are franquicias. Whenever a new place is opened, it(he,she) takes advice and trains to the personnel not only in the functioning of the service, but also in everything what it(he,she) concerns to the hygiene and food preparation.

From his(her,your) beginning, The Vegetarian possesses(relies on) a service of free holder, in which the people pay a ticket, which in agreement to every place, includes sixteen (16) hot dishes, table of salads, variety of vegetables without flavoring, and to water down.

The Vegetarian also offers the service of fast food restaurant allowing to take food for weight. The clients have the option to buy milanesas pies (without doing) or the pastas(cash) that the own(proper) company makes.

Avs place. Italy has a special showcase(store window) where a great variety of pastas(cash) is exposed to the native

The order(request) to domicile is another service that The Vegetarian offers.

Until two years ago the company was possessing(relying on) the Green Line , where the orders(requests) were got for a telephonic head office(plant) and were derived to the most nearby place. But the same one was withdrawn due to the fact that it(he,she) did not obtain the awaited success.

Today in day the order(request) to domicile is done in personal form in every place.

It(He,She) possesses(relies on) six basic menus, each of them expires with certain nourishing characteristics and they have different prices

Menu 1 milanesas, portions of cake of the day, salad or rice, wholemeal bread and dessert.

Menu domestic pastas(cash), bocaditos of the day, wholemeal bread and dessert.

Menu plate of the day, harness, wholemeal bread and dessert.

Menu 4 Diet salad, hot dishes, wholemeal bread and dessert (designed for diabetic, hypertense persons, with problems of cholesterol.

Menu 5 Double 4 milanesas, 4 portions of tart of the day and garrison or pasta(cash), wholemeal bread and dessert.

Menu 6 salad completes with bocaditos of the day, wholemeal bread and dessert.

Also it is possible to realize a combination of the same ones.

Soon one will add the seventh menu.

Another service that offers is characterized for being original and the only in the item of the gastronomic options and is that it(he,she) possesses(relies on) the presence of a nutricionista at the disposal of the public to realize any consultation or doubt in relation to the preparations, to the nutritional index of the food, etc.

This service offers only to the half day.

. Analysis of the situation.

.1 General conditions.

.1.1 Demographic factors.

The information that appear later was extracted from an investigation realized by the company as a whole with nutricionistas from the School of Nutrition, in the year 1 to the consumers of The Vegetarian.

In recounted to the sex of the consumers of The Vegetarian, 48 % is men and 5 % is women. Therefore big differences do not exist as for the percentages of men and women.

The age in the one that one meets(competes) more is between 0 and 60 years, managing to be 65 % of the total concurrence of The Vegetarian. This can assume because in these ages it is where certain patologías associated with the nourishment are observed by major frequency.

The low concurrence of teenagers owes to that they prefer places where eaten scrap offers.

With regard to the occupation that the consumers of The Vegetarian possess .5 % it(he,she) corresponds(fits) to private personnel and 0 professional %, 18 % merchants - businessmen and 1.6 % students.

In agreement to the neighborhood of origin, according to the N.B.I (basic unsatisfied needs) 68 % of the consumers comes from neighborhoods with a percentage of homes(fireplaces) with N.B.I between(among) 0 and 5.0, one 5 % resides in zones with a percentage of N.B.I between(among) 5.1 and 10 and one 7 % they reside in zones with a percentage of N.B.I. between(among) 10.1 and 15.0.

This reflects that the place of residence affects in the concurrence to The Vegetarian

In the education, according to the level of instruction, a fifth part(report) of the persons reached the secondary studies, 50 % of the total population began the tertiary studies and 4 % they reached them. This indicates that the consumers it(he,she) possesses a good level of instruction.

.1. Demand(Lawsuit) and trend of the demand(lawsuit).

The food consumption out of the home(fireplace) of Montevideo shows a very important growth. This is a reflex of the changes that are given at the social level and culturally. Today per today the people have less time to elaborate his(her,your) own(proper) ones eaten by labour reasons, which does that they resort to other options.

The food every time has a more important paper(role) at the moment of thinking about the health and about the well-being, one comes this giving so much to national level.

A test realized by the company four (4) years behind, showed that about fifty five thousand (55000) persons in Montevideo per month, were meeting(competing) assiduous to The Vegetarian, and therefore they had the habit of consuming, with major or minor frequency, a balanced nourishment.

Until the year 001 the concurrence had increased to hundred eighty thousand (180000) persons per month. Today in day this number has diminished in 15 % (15000 persons), due to the economic crisis that suffers our country

.1. Social and cultural factors.

Every time there is more frequent the election of vegetarian diets for a major number of persons, as the most healthy option to feed, knowing that the correct planning of these diets helps to the royal(real) decrease of the nourishing problems.

It(He,She) does not a lot of time, the vegetarian ones they were considered to be an eccentric minority, nevertheless nowadays everything is changing.



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Monday 1 October 2012

Direct Marketing

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a. A direct marketing promotion that I recently responded to was an e-mail from the company Venus offering me free shipping on my next order if it was placed within a two-week time frame. The key message was that all of their swimwear was on clearance. The graphics in the e-mail included young beautiful models in the swimwear.



b. I was sent this promotion because I had recently ordered a swimsuit from their online site. I had not returned what I had ordered, so it could be assumed that I was pleased with the product. Due to the fact that I did like what I had ordered from them the first time, along with the clearance prices and free shipping, this offer was very attractive to me. My original order was also the first order I had ever placed with them. Consequently, this offer also prompted me to look at their other clothing lines and order a few other things as well. The company contacted me via e-mail because I had placed my order online and had provided them with my e-mail address to send confirmations and special offers to.

c. This promotion was good on Venus’ part for two reasons. First of all, they knew I was a new customer and if given the opportunity to have free shipping there was a good chance that I would browse around their website to see what other clothing they were selling. Secondly, I had recently purchased what they were now offering on clearance. They had no reason to believe that I was dissatisfied with my first purchase of this nature and figured that I would be open to ordering another swimsuit because of the clearance prices. The combination of these two characteristics prompted me to take them up on their offer and order another swimsuit along with additional clothing items.




) a. A direct marketing item that I received, but did not respond to at this time was a money card for $15 if I spent over $50 at American Eagle Outfitters. I was given it in the store after making a purchase of over $100. The key message that they were sending was that if I spent over a certain amount I would be rewarded. The picture on the front of it was a snowy atmosphere picturing two people bundled up in their coats, scarves, and hats.

b. I was given this promotional item because I had spent a decent amount of money (over $100) and had put it on my American Eagle credit card. This shows that I shop their on a regular basis and usually buy several items when I do. It is reasonable for them to assume that I will buy there again and spend at least $50.

c. American Eagle’s offer was good, but the time peroid they placed on it prevented me from using it. The money card expired the day before Thanksgiving. Up until this date, they were carrying basically the same merchandise that they had for the past two months. Therefore, there was nothing new that I wanted to buy for myself. I would have had to find $50 worth of merchandise to even use the promotion. In addition, I do not usually get around to Christmas shopping until after Thanksgiving when there are big sales or a few days before Christmas when the time crunch is on. Therefore, the time constraint on this particular offer caused me to disregard the offer. In the future, if I receive this same offer from American Eagle during a different time frame and they have newer merchandise that I have not fully exhausted, there is a good chance I will take advantage of it.

) a. A direct marketing promotion that I received and did not even consider responding to was from The Limited. The offer was if I bought a pair of pants I would get the second pair $0 off. The key message was the variety of styles and lengths that they offered in their pant selection. The graphics included a beautiful woman modeling the pants. (See attached card mailing)

b. The direct marketer sent this to me because I had bought several pairs of pants from them earlier in the fall. I also have The Limited credit card and had accumulated enough style points from my pant purchases to receive a gift certificate. It could be assumed that I did like their pant collection. However, they did not take into account that I may only want so many pairs of pants. This offer would require me to buy an additional two pairs of pants on top of the several pairs I had purchased earlier in the fall. They should have also considered that they have the same basic colors and styles in stock as they did during the previous month and a half.

c. I did not respond to this offer or even consider it. The marketer could have considered the possibility that I was pretty much content with my pants purchases for the time being. The same offer would have been better had it been for dress shirts instead. Considering the fact that I had already purchased several pairs of pants from them, they could have offered a complimentary item with this promotion instead. I would have responded to an offer such as this.



Mind that the sample papers like Direct Marketing presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!

Thursday 27 September 2012

E-BusinessAC omparison of the Dell and Compaq Websites

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E-Business

A comparison of the Websites for

Dell and Compaq Computers




Introduction

e-Business The conduct of business with the assistance of telecommunications equipment and the Internet

e-Commerce The conduct of commerce transactions having the objective of supplying commodities, goods and services on the Internet.

I believe the terms e-Commerce and IBM’s coined term e-Business are interchangeable and mean essentially the same thing. These definitions I believe, will allow the most effective way of analyzing the two business modules I have chosen for this paper.

The two business modules are websites that offer similar products and services namely computers, these sites are

Dell computers http//www.euro.dell.com/countries/uk/enu/gen/default.htm

Hewlett Packard (HP) http//www.hp.com/country/uk/eng/welcome.html

The Market

Marketers need to promote what customers want. However what the customer considers of value from their purchase is the benefit(s) derived from it. These benefits can be wide ranging i.e. do they help the environment, does this company contribute to charities, the after sales service.

Marketing is not just about these things, it entails a much more complex framework and this must include four crucial areas Analysis, Planning, Implementation and Control. Within e-Business, analysis is of great importance, it will show you where an opportunity exists or could exist, appropriates initiation of a new value chain, identifies which segment of the market to target and establish possible tactics of potential competitors. The value chain, being the business model, can be very simple but also very complex.

“The value system can be thought of as the entire ‘chain’ of suppliers, distributors, competitors, buyers, and intermediaries that bring an existing offering to the market”.

(J. F. Rayport & B. J. Jaworski, 001 7)

Market segmentation very rarely rewards companies on their intended objectives because there are different segmentation approaches and each of them must be conducive with the way the company approaches the market. Segmentation consists of many variables geographic; demographic; behavioral; situational; and psychographics to name but a few, and having the right blend could mean success or failure. However with the use of e-Business some of these variables pose less of a problem than they previously did. E-Business reduces the geographic ties with the use of the Internet. Potential consumer information that was previously very difficult to obtain can be acquired from various data information providers such as www.nua.ie/surveys and cr.yp.to/surveys.html. Using the Internet to increase the sales pipeline you must focus on understanding your target audience; have an effective Internet Marketing Strategy; deliver the message on what your product to increase the conversation about your website; and finally analyze your strategy to improve it and, as an on flow of that, improve the Return of Investment (ROI). These aspects overlap and relate to each other.

To achieve a better understanding of the market the use of a SWOT analysis as a framework to help decision-making is favorable. Both Dell and HP need to constantly assess their situation under each of the headings

• Strengths what their advantages are, what do you do well

• Weaknesses what could they improve, what do they do badly, what they should avoid

• Opportunities identify emerging trends and advantageous circumstances’)

• Threats what are the obstacles, where is the competition, is the change in technology threatening their position, could any identified threats harm profits.

By doing this, they should be in a better position to plan for all eventualities and better able to focus activities to where they are strong and where the greatest opportunities lie.

Micro-marketing

Micro-marketing is the process of individualizing marketing, so that the product fits the customer perfectly. Dell does this much more convincingly than HP. However much of the marketing that Dell and HP undertake seems to fit fairly well into this category.

As the Internet companies become more profit-driven and accountable, marketing research must play a role in providing actionable measurements of marketing efforts. Marketers need to develop their research techniques which will provide them with the ability to correlate market spending to resultant returns in sales and profits. The use of databanks will provide marketers with research results which will assist the marketer in thoroughly understanding the relationship that the consumer has with the brand and how that relationship may be optimized from a profit point of view.

Product Life Cycle

To be able to market their product(s) properly, Dell and HP must be aware of the product life cycle of its product(s). The standard product life cycle tends to have five phases

• Development

• Introduction

• Growth

• Maturity

• Decline

It can also be shown graphically. This graph has two lines-one to show the level of profit and one to show the level of sales

Firms will often try to use extension strategies. These are techniques to try to delay the decline stage of the product life cycle. The maturity stage is a good stage for the company in terms of generating cash. The costs of developing the product and establishing it in the market are paid and it tends to then be at a profitable stage. The longer the company can extend this stage the better it will be for them. Dell does not purchase components until a customer has ordered the component; this allows Dell to stay up to date with the changes within technology without worrying too much about the product life cycle.

The Product/Service

Dell and HP sell basically the same product(s) computers. They sell them to the same market segments at similar prices and with similar benefits. What lies beneath the surface is what makes one company more profitable than the other. After all, profit is the primary focus as you need this in order to continue business, expand and diversify. You need a profit to continue business, to expand and to diversify.

Dell’s Business Model

This is very simple make-to-order, cash is received before the product is built or delivered and produces custom results from standard inputs. Cleverly, they reversed the designing and customizing of the individual systems back out to the customer on the website. This gives the potential customer complete control on the specifications of the product and a higher level of service.

“Dell has a negative cash conversion of five business days, meaning customers pay Dell for their computers, on average, about a week before the money goes out to the suppliers of parts for those very same computers”.

(E. I. Schwartz, 1 118)

HP’s Business Model

Again very simple combine the products, services and partnerships to produce cost-effective systems integrated into their global services and deliver an end-to-end business continuity solution designed to meet everybody’s needs.

Timmers (1) describes a business model as

• An architecture for the project, service and information flows, including a description of the various business actors and their roles; and

• A description of the potential benefits for the various business actors; and

• A description of the sources of revenue.

If you get the business model correct, the harder you work, the more money you make. If you get the business model wrong, no matter how hard you work, you will end up losing more and more money. The Business Model is supplanting, to some extent, the Business Plan. The Business Model is defined as the engine of the business. It is where and how the business acquires money from the customers, how it uses that money by tracking cash streams from customers and throughout the business to the suppliers, how product and services flow from the suppliers and the customers in the reverse direction and finally there is an orthogonal connection dimension that shows how the business connects with its customers.

Dell and HP

What Dell and HP learnt from the burst of the dot.com bubble was that they had to offer something different from all previous suppliers of computers and to do this they developed a value chain which comprises of the following

• Unique websites

• Control of their product line

• Introduction of new products on a regular basis

• Provide a customer-friendly service

• Ensure safe and efficient on-line payment

• Keeping their promise

Soon Dell became not just a company name and logo but a brand which encompassed the customer’s entire experience with the company. The brand ‘Dell’ defines simply the immediate image, emotion, or message experienced when a person thinks of the company and its products. This ‘brand’ has enabled Dell to pioneer the Internet computer sales industry and has allowed them to gain market share and create customer loyalty.

“Dells shares have appreciated more than 0,000-fold since 10”.

(E. I. Schwartz, 1 118)

Creating customer loyalty is very important on the Internet as timescales are short, competition intense and mistakes can be costly. Dell got where it is because they are the most efficient marketer and assembler of other people’s computer and software technology.

“Customer support is the most beneficial�and least applauded�application on the web”.

(P. B. Seybold, 18 47)

One of the causes that made HP re-evaluate their business model was information released to the general public. It was reported in 17 by Business Week that Dell was selling increasingly well via the Internet. So we must ask ourselves how does the Internet transform business models when the processes used by HP and Dell to produce a computer are completely different?

HP Dell

Component forecast Component forecast

Batch Assembly Customer order

Storage at a factory Customized assembly

Customer order Stocks on the “road”

Customized at the reseller Delivered to the end user

Delivered to the user

Internet Population

With the development of their websites getting people to visit it and, once there, make it interesting enough so they stay and make a purchase is something completely different. This is where Dell excels and all the rest are followers.

Dell’s services provide a complete package; from the customer designing the computer they want to solutions based on real world needs. These services can be offered individually or on a company level fully supported by highly qualified support staff located all over the globe. From the moment you visit the website you feel as though it is a one-on-one service where you can track what stage your order is at in construction and feel safe and secure with the customer orientated view they project. HP does follow this methodology where the customer always comes first and offer very similar services but what are the keys to success with e-Business? The two charts below give you an example of the Internet population, favorable language and revenue from Internet products and services.

(http//glreach.com/globstats/)

Worldwide Internet and Intranet Products and Services, 16 and 000

Source International Data Corporation, 17, How big is the Internet/Intranet Market?

Product/Service 16 ($M) 000 ($M) Growth (%)

Internet access ,14 11,00 7.6

Personal computers 5,511 16,00 0.

Network computers 706 15,440 116.

Servers ,47 1,150 55.5

Network equipment ,500 10,00 1.0

Software 16 1,1 1.1

Services ,477 1,770 5.6

Total 18,506 ,81 4.5

(www.december.com/present/ecsize.html)

Key Factors for Success

When an individual decides they need a computer, for what ever reason, they have various options. They could buy a computer magazine; talk with colleagues; visit a local computer store; or, in today’s technological world, log-on to the Internet. So how do Dell and HP make sure that when people ‘search’ the Internet for computers that their sites are the ones that appear in the top ten ‘finds’ when the search is complete? There are various ways of doing this and the easiest way is for them to list their website in hundreds of ‘search engines’ and directories. But it doesn’t stop there, these search engines then have to put your website high up on the ‘search engine’ placement table for you to be noticed. Another method of making yourself more visible is for you to have links from other websites to yours.

Search Engines

Search engine websites are a vital tool in helping to categorize, navigate and display the information which is on the Internet. These engines also assume an important role as a virtual guide for a potential customer to a business. Companies are spending a large proportion of their marketing budget to improve their profile on top ranking search engine sites. For a search engine to recognize a particular website before it recognizes others is mainly down to an unpublished algorithm. This algorithm typically calculates the frequency of a phrase within a web page, the title page and the popularity of that site relative to other pages on the web.

“The term algorithm (pronounced AL-go-rith-um) is a procedure or formula for solving a problem. The word derives from the name of the mathematician, Mohammed ibn-Musa al-Khwarizmi, who was part of the royal court in Baghdad and who lived from about 780 to 850. A computer program can be viewed as an elaborate algorithm”.

(http//searchvb.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid8_gci11545,00.html)

Webmaster and programmers can write keywords and phrases etc that search engines look for when people do searches. Source codes (sometimes called object codes) and the use of Microsoft® smart tags are other ways to get a website in the top ten on the hit list.

“Microsofts Smart Tags were a proposed feature of Windows XP that would allow Microsoft and its partners to insert their own links into any Web page viewed through its Internet Explorer browser. These links are similar to traditional hyperlinks, but more complex and interactive when the cursor hovers over a Smart Tagged word, a drop-down list appears with a selection of links related to the word”.

(http//searchwin000.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid1_gci75518,00.html)

“The object code file contains a sequence of instructions that the processor can understand but that is difficult for a human to read or modify”.

(http//searchwebservices.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid6_gci100,00.html)

If you were to do a search on Google using the keyword ‘computers’ it brings Dell up in second position and HP does not appear in the top forty. Yahoo.com brings Dell up in seventh position with HP in ninth and AltaVista.com brings Dell up in second place with HP nowhere in sight. So you can see, by ensuring that you have the search engine key words/phrases in your source code the algorithm will pick it up and place your company in the top ten search results.

Source code taken from Dell’s website

TITLEDell - EMEA Home Page/TITLE

META NAME=KEYWORDS CONTENT=Custom, Configuration, PCs, Laptops, Portables, Computer, Notebook, Hardware, Build, Value, Technology, Servers, Dell, Online, Order

Source code taken from HP website

titleWelcome to HP United Kingdom/title

meta name=Keywords content=hp, hewlett-packard, compaq, driver, printer, scanner, pc, software, monitor, server, laserjet, deskjet, officejet, scanjet, vectra, pavilion, omnibook, jornada, presario, evo, prosignia, deskpro, armada, ipaq

It is only Dell’s site that includes the word ‘computer’ under its keywords. HP fail to target the more uneducated user of computers, only by knowing a model name would HP be on the same page of results as Dell when searching for a computer on the Internet.

The positions on the search result for ‘computers’ are excellent for Dell, however Dell does not limit its online marketing strategy to search engines. Another online marketing strategy they use is a banner exchange affiliate program for their web hosting services. Dell’s customers get monetary benefits by placing advertising banners on their own sites if a click-through results in a sale, the affiliate gets a reward.

“Depending on how its used, a banner is either a graphic image that announces the name or identity of a site and often is spread across the width of the web page or is an advertising image”.

(http//searchwebservices.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid6_gci1165,00.html)

Because of the continual advancements in search engine development the search engines used by Dell and HP require continual attention.

XML (Extensible Markup Language) & HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

For information to be shared on the web, intranets and elsewhere a common creative information format must be utilized. This format is called XML. Once computer makers agree on a standard or a common way to describe the information about a computer product they would then describe this information format with XML. This then enables users to send an intelligent agent (a program) to each manufacturer’s website, groups, individuals and companies that want to share information in a consistent way. XML, recommended by the World Wide Web Consortium (WC) is very similar to today’s language of web pages HTML. HTML contains markup symbols which describe the contents of a web page or file. The downside is that HTML describes the contents only in terms of how it is to be displayed, how it should look when printed and how it can be interacted with.

Once a potential customer accesses the website, ease of use becomes a major factor. Too many ‘clicks’ to too many pages could deter people from purchasing. In this regard, Dell has an advantage in that once you have chosen the model you want, you then have only one page to visit where you can configure to your requirements. The HP website has substantial listings of pre-configured models for you to choose from and if you want to configure to your specifications then you require an additional software program (Adobe® Acrobat® Reader®. Adobe® Acrobat® Reader®) which is available as a free download to view your options, something which can be more of a deterrent than an ease of use interface. Once a decision has been made on the product, the purchasing process on-line becomes the next logical step.

EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)

An EDI message contains data elements such as a price, model number etc and this string is called a data element. One or more of these data elements, together with a header or trailer, are called a transaction set which in EDI language is called a message. This message would usually be construed as something equivalent to a business document. This means that when two parties exchange these EDI’s we would refer to it as trading partners.

“The main benefit of computerized transaction processing is increased administrative efficiency”.

(E. G. C. Collins & M. A. Devanna, 14 175)

The Internet is a powerful customer service tool because companies can use it to provide 4/7 product and service information and develop customer relationships all at relatively low cost. For Dell and HP this allows customers to browse products, configure to their liking and then pay on-line. However Kalakota and Whinston (16) see the Internet as a threat, particularly to brands, making brands weaker than before. Hagel & Armstrong (17) argue that virtual community members focus less on the brand and more on the product and service features. If this is the case, then Dell has focused on the latter aspect in terms of services they offer.

Value

The information received by a customer on-line depends mainly on how the Internet/website responds. The Internet allows customer communication in two ways firstly, the communication depends on customer choice and secondly with potential for collective customer action. But it wasn’t always like that.

One �to � many communications





(Hoffman and Novak, 16)

The above illustration demonstrates that the firm (F) can communicate to the customers (c) only. No interaction between the customer and the firm is possible. A good example of this would be TV, radio, billboards etc.

Many-to-many Communication



(Hoffman and Novak, 16)

This illustration employs the technology of the medium (Internet) to allow communications both ways. Both the medium and customer become senders and receivers. These simple models show how communication advancements have addressed the potential for conversation and intimacy.

Timmers (1) lists the key features of the Internet 4/7 availability, ubiquity, global yet local, digitization, multimedia, interactivity, one�to�one communication, network effects and externalities, and information integration.

The value of being able to conduct business on a one�to�one basis becomes immeasurable to all who conduct business via the Internet. These values are forever changing traditional marketing by providing segmentation information, a targeting instrument, a source of market research while also augmenting the areas of traditional marketing promotion; distribution; product; and price.

Both Dell and HP offer all of the above benefits associated with the Internet however. One-to-one communication with providers is the key and it is a great motivator when a successful transaction is carried out. A person’s self esteem can be raised and the ‘feel good’ factor kicks in, this in itself produces customer loyalty. It would only be also fair to say that personal experience with both companies/websites would provide the answer to whom does it better.

Implementation

There are many ways of connecting to the Internet. This diagram illustrates a few but not all methods however, the more time and effort invested in research to determine the more reliable and secure media is paramount.

The stages of e-Business usually have to start with two questions

1. What business processes touch the customers?

. How can we improve those customers facing processes with web technology?

The first mode of attack for implementing an e-Business is the development of a simple but effective website. Secondly, enable the website to facilitate transactions, if people cannot complete the whole process in one go they would probably go to a website which is enabled to do so. Thirdly, streamline the internal business operations, this will allow the processing of the web transaction to be handled more efficiently. Finally, personalize the website to build loyalty and community. However these four start-up points are there for you to create a presence and further requirements are needed to ensure success. Identifying potential partners with whom you can implement a business process must also be achieved remembering that one of the major draw backs with websites can be access, this could be due to over subscription to the Internet Service Provider (ISP) resulting in heavy traffic or the technology used by the website being antiquated, careful selection of the providers and equipment is crucial. Having the state�of�the�art hardware and software is high on the list of importance because this is the backbone of you company, should it fail then the business fails. The interface allowing for transactions, viewing, and printing has to be compatible with the operating systems in use within the general public, failing to allow someone to conduct e-Business defeats the object. Having an understand of how the Internet works is beneficial and by using this knowledge you have to determine the messaging and transport requirements as these could dictate or influence your requirements. The Internet is becoming more and more accessible and requires a secure environment, hence when using the on�line transactions facility security is of paramount importance to ensure that bank or credit card details sent over the Internet are safe from interception and malicious use. Levels of security are flexible because of different partners and business processes however a minimum of 18 � bit encryption is recommended.

“Encryption is the conversion of data into a form called a ciphertext that cannot be easily understood by unauthorized people”.

(http//searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci106,00.html)

The experience gathered from a pilot-planning phase will increase the confidence and reduce risk in the implementation. Integration and interdependence with other departments within the company is required while success in converting a prospect to a potential buyer still requires efforts from a sales force. Integration of Internet marketing with offline marketing efforts and business processes will result in a competitive advantage in a crowded market of similar offerings.

Conclusion

Internet marketing is evolving into the next phase of a mix of direct selling and influencing one-on-one via a broad platform approach. New low cost marketing techniques enable personalized communications with consumers, however, it also enable consumers to play a more proactive role as the consumer can now solicit information, share information in communities, specify their products and even propose prices. This move of power to the consumer can be seen on the Dell and HP websites radically changing the nature of marketing.

Dell and HP have successfully captured the attention of the computer communities and have very successful websites. The more rewarding of the websites has to be Dell’s because of the ease of use and no requirement for additional software. Dell has successfully understood the core market principles and defined the character of their marketing strategy. These principles carry forward the actual implementation of various efforts and ensure a linkage back to their initial beliefs. Finally, a key competitive element is recognizing that Internet marketing is not a standalone activity and should be integrated within the existing processes and Information Technology systems.

Bibliography

Algorithm, (http//searchvb.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid8_gci11545,00.html)

Banner, (http//searchwebservices.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid6_gci1165,00.html)

Collins, Eliza G. C. and Devanna, Mary Ann (14), The New Portable MBA, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York

Dell’s source code, available at (http//www.dell.co.uk), Tool bar�view�source

Encryption (http//searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci106,00.html

Hagel, John and Armstrong, Arthur G. (17), Net Gain, Boston, Harvard Business School Press

Hoffman, Donna L. and Novak, Thomas P. (15), Project 000 Research Program on Marketing in Computer � Mediated Environments, Working Paper No.1 (Revised July 11, 15)

HP’s source code, available at (http//www.hp.co.uk), Tool bar�view�source

Jeffrey F. Rayport & Bernard J. Jaworski (001), e-Commerce, McGraw-Hill/Irwin, New York, NY 1000.

Kalakota, Ravi and Whinston, Andrew (16), Frontiers of Electronic commerce, Addison-Wesley, Reading, England.

Schwartz, Evans I. (1), Digital Darwinism, Broadway Books, New York, NY 1006.

Seybold, Patricia B. (18), customers.com, Times Books, New York.

Smart Tags (http//searchwin000.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid1_gci75518,00.html)

Source Code (http//whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,88,sid_gci100,00.html)

Timmers, Paul (1), Electronic Commerce, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Chichester, England.

Mind that the sample papers like E-BusinessAC omparison of the Dell and Compaq Websites presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!